大極殿

About this photo

This photo shows Heian Shrine in Sakyo Ward, Kyoto. It appears in Kyoto Meisho (Famous Sights of Kyoto), published in 1907 (Meiji 40). The caption says "Daigokuden," but what we see seems to be the Otenmon Gate, the main gate, which stands in front of it.

Heian Shrine was founded in 1895 (Meiji 28) to mark 1,100 years since the capital moved to Heian-kyo, today's Kyoto. It was built as a centerpiece of the 4th National Industrial Exhibition, held in Kyoto that same year. It is dedicated to Emperor Kanmu, who founded the capital, and Emperor Komei was added in 1940. The Daigokuden and Otenmon recreate the Chodoin, the state halls of the Heian palace, at about five-eighths of the original size. Today the Daigokuden serves as the outer worship hall, where visitors pray.

A fire in 1976 destroyed the main sanctuary and other buildings, but the Daigokuden and Otenmon were spared. Both were designated Important Cultural Properties in 2010. Every year on October 22, the Jidai Festival (Festival of the Ages) is held as Heian Shrine's festival.

Glossary